Window operator



March 17, 1936. c. R. PATON 2,034,202

WINDOW OPERATOR Filed April 24, 1933 ii I s Patented Mar. 17, 1936 UNITED STATES WINDOW OPERATOR Clyde It. Paton, Birmingham, Mich, assignor to Packard Motor Car Company, Detroit, Mich,

a corporation of Michigan Application April 24, 1933, Serial No. 667,607

10 Claims. (Cl. 268l19) My invention relates to the construction of closed bodies for vehicles, and more particularly to the construction and arrangement of the windows thereof.

An object of my invention is to provide a window construction in a closed vehicle body which can be readily adjusted to ventilate the interior of the body without causing drafts.

Another object of my invention is to provide a window construction for a closed vehicle body which can be selectively rotated by hand operated mechanism or by the direct application of force thereto, the arrangement being such that the window will remain in any position of adjustment irrespective of wind force thereagainst.

A further object of the invention is to provide a pivoted window for a closed vehicle body which can be rotated in either direction by hand operated mechanism or rotated only in one direction by the direct application of force.

Other objects of the invention will appear from the following description taken in connection with the drawing, which forms a part of this specification, and in which:

Fig.1 is a side elevational view of a fragment of a closed motor vehicle body showing an embodiment of the invention in which a window can be rotated in either direction by hand operated mechanism or by the direct application of force thereto;

Fig. 2 is a similar view showing a modified form of the invention in which a window can be rotated in either direction by hand operated mechanism and in one direction only by the application of force directly thereto;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Fi 2;

Fig. 4 is a side elevational view of the one-way clutch elements vin the modified form of the invention.

In the embodiments of the invention shown in the drawing, It indicates generally the front door of a closed vehicle body. In the door is an opening II which is bounded by a casing I2 and arranged in the casing is a pair of window structures l3 and M.

The front window structure is mounted to be swung about a vertical axis, in order that the interior of the body can be ventilated without causing drafts, and consists of a frame l5 carrying a window glass I 8. The window frame can be of the usual construction consisting of channel elements having a rubber lining l1 therein into which the glass fits. Near the forward end of the bottom frame member is a pintle ll having a head portion l9 secured to the frame member in a suitable manner, such as by welding. Another hinge connection is provided at the top of the front window, in vertical alignment with the pintle, and such upper connection consists of a spring pressed plunger 20 carried by the upper casing, which engages a detent or recess 2| in the upper window frame member.

Fixed to the interior of the front door panel 22 is a member 23 which supports mechanism for rotating the pintle and the front window to which it is fixed. A housing 24 is secured to the block by screws 25 and a removable gear cover plate 26 is fixed to the housing by screws 21. An operating shaft 28 extends into the housing and fixed thereto is a worm 29 which meshes with a worm gear 30. The shaft 3| extends vertically into the housing and is fixed to the gear 30, such shaft terminating at its upper end in a driving and supporting arbor 32 extending in alignment with the pintle B8. The shaft 28 has a handle 32' fixed to its end so that manipulation thereof by an occupant of the vehicle can be readily made from the interior of the vehicle body. The pintle extends through an opening in the top wall of the arbor and a coil spring 33 surrounds the portion of the pintle beneath the top wall of the arbor. One end of the spring engages a washer 34, retained against axial displacement by the pin 35 which extends through the pintle, while the other end of the spring bears against the under surface of the top wall of the arbor. The sill of the casing is provided with an opening so that the pintle can extend therethrough into the hollow space between the walls of the door within which the major portion of the driving mechanism is located. i

Between the driving and supporting arbor member and the driven member of the front window, I propose to provide a clutch means whereby the window can be rotated on its pivotal axis either by the direct application of force to the window or by actuation of the driving mechanism through cranking the handle 32%.

Such clutch means can take various forms and, in Fig. 1 of the drawing, '1 have shown a friction washer 36 between the pintle head and the upper portion of the driving arbor. This clutch member is keyed to the pintle and can be formed of suitable friction material. 0n the bottom channel of the Window frame I provide a knob 31 which an occupant of the vehicle can grasp, to adjust the window, about its axis through. the

application of force directly thereto.

By turning the crank 32, the associated shaft 28 will be rotated to impart rotation from the worm is to the gear 30 so that the shaft II and the arbor will be rotated. Frictional engagement of the washer 36 with the arbor will I drive the pintle I! with the arbor and thus the front window can be rotated on its axis in either direction. Likewise the window can be rotated on its axis in either direction by the application of force while grasping the knob 31 and, when operated in this manner, the pintle will move while the operating mechanism will remain stationary due to the inter-meshing gears 29 and 30.

The crank mechanism, of course, will rotate the window much more slowly than the direct application of force thereto but, for normal operation, this is more desirable. There are times, however, when quicker opening of the window is desired. For example, when the driver wishes to extend his arm through the window opening to signal, and, under such conditions, the window can be manipulated by the direct application of force.

Another form which the clutch means can take isshown in Figs. 2 to 4 of the drawing. In this instance, in order to utilize a friction clutch, as previously described, I propose to employ a positive one-way clutch. This construction is useful in order to prevent the window from being pulled open from the outside.

Such a clutch means consists of two elements which, in the present instance, takes the fonn of a disc element having teeth 40 and teeth 38 formed on the upper wall of the arbor, the disc member being keyed to the pintle 18. The teeth 38 and 40 are arranged in contacting relation and are formed so that they interlock upon one direction of rotation.

Nonnally the spring 33 holds the teeth in frictional engagement sufficient to provide a driving connection so that operation of the gear mechanism will rotate the window to open or close it. The arrangement of the gear teeth is such, however, that they interlock when the window is pulled in an opening direction from the exterior of the vehicle body, and, under such circumstance, rotation of the window is prevented by the friction of the worm 29 and the gear 30.

The window can thus be opened or closed by the gear mechanism, and can be closed by the direct application of force thereto. With this construction, the window can be quickly closed but cannot bev opened bythe direct application of force thereto so that unauthorized entrance to the interior of the vehicle body cannot be had through opening of the pivoted window from the exterior of the body.

The casing sill is formed with an upstanding flange 4| at the rear of the pintle to, limit the movement of the rear portion of the window in one direction and a similar flange 42 extends forwardly of the pintle for the same purpose. When the window engages the flanges 4| and 42, it will be flush with the door panel but, in the other direction, it can be moved to extend transversely of the door panel.

It will be seen that I have provided a simple form of window construction wherein the window can be selectively rotated either 'by a hand cranked mechanism or by the direct application of force.

Although the invention has been described in connection with a specific embodiment, the principles involved are susceptible of numerous other applications which will'readily occur to persons skilled in the art. The invention is therefore to be limited only as indicated by the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. In a vehicle, the combination of a body having a window opening therein, a window in the opening adapted to swing laterally thereof, a pintle fixed to the window, an arbor carried by the body, a one-way clutch having inter-engaging elements fixed to the arbor and the pintle, manually operable mechanism connected to rotate the clutch, andspring means m'ging the clutch elements into frictional engagement sufficient to establish a driving connection upon rotation of the mechanism in either direction.

2. In a vehicle, the combination of a body having an opening'in a wall thereof, a window in the opening swingable' laterally thereof, a vertioally extending pintle fixed to the window, an arbor carried by the body, a clutch member fixed to the pintle, a clutch member fixed to the arbor, said clutch elements having associated teeth for establishing a positive driving connection in one direction, manually operable mechanism including worm gearing connected to rotate the arbor, and spring means urging the teeth of the clutch elements into frictional driving engagement.

3. In a motor vehicle body having a window opening therein, a window pivoted to swing about a vertical axis in the opening, manually operable mechanism connected with the window to rotate it on its axis including gearing and a oneway clutch, and abutment means on the body engageable by the window when closed, said mechanism being operable to rotate the window in either direction and preventing opening movement of the window by direct application of pressure from the exterior of the body.

4. In a motor vehicle body having window openings therein, a window adapted toswing laterally in the opening and having a rotatable pintle fixed thereto, a clutch element fixed to the pintle, a manually operable arbor, a clutch element fixed to the arbor, said clutch elements forming a one-way positive drive, manually operable mechanism for rotating the arbor, and spring means engaging the arbor and the pintle to maintain said clutch elements in frictional driving relation.

5. In a vehicle, the combination of a body having an opening in a wall thereof, a window pivotally mounted to the body'and adapted to swing laterally in the opening to open and close the same, and manually operable mechanism for pivoting the window comprising driving mechanism and clutch means having frictional driving engagement when the mechanism is operated in one direction and positive engagement when the mechanism is operated in the opposite direction.

6. In a vehicle, the combination of a body having a window opening in a wall thereof, a glass carrying window frame adapted to swing laterally in the body opening, a pintle mounted on the body and fixed to the window frame, manually operable pintle rotating mechanism including a clutch having jaws positively engageable in one direction of rotation of the mechanism and frictionally engageable in the other direction of mechanism rotation, and means urging said clutch jaws into frictional driving engagement.

'7. In a vehicle, the combination of a body having an opening in a wall thereof. a window pivoted in the opening, and adapted to swing laterally thereof, pintle means fixed to the window and mounted on the body, manually operable 7i driving mechanism, a one-way positive clutch connecting the driving mechanism withthe pintle, and a spring surrounding the pintle and urging the clutch into frictional driving engagement.

8. In a vehicle, the combination of a body having a window opening therein, a window in the opening adapted to swing laterally thereof, a pintle fixed to the window, an arbor, manually operable driving mechanism, a two-part clutch connecting the pintle with the arbor, said clutch parts having positive connection in only one direction of relative movement, and spring means urging the clutch parts into frictional driving engagement.

9. In a motor vehicle, a body having an opening in the side wall thereof, a window of substantially the same outline as the opening swingable laterally thereof, means pivoting the window in the body opening, said window being swingable with the pivot means, and manually operable mechanism including clutch means for tuming said window pivot means, said clutch means forming a positive drive in one direction of mechanism operation and a frictional drive in the other direction 01' mechanism operation.

10. In a vehicle, a body having a window opening in the wall thereof, a window pivoted on the body to swing laterally of the wall opening, said window having a dimensionsimilar to the opening; gearing operable from the interior of the body, a one-way positive clutch means connecting the gearing with the window pivot, and means holding the clutch means together in frictional driving relation, said window being swingable in either direction by the gearing and being swingable in a direction to close the wall opening upon manual application of force thereagainst sufilcient to overcome the force holding the clutch means in frictional driving relation.

CLYDE R.- PATON. 

